Formant

One of the types of objects in Praat. A Formant object represents spectral structure as a function of time: a formant contour. Unlike the time-stamped FormantGrid object, it is sampled into a number of frames centred around equally spaced times, Each frame contains frequency and bandwidth information about several formants.

## Inside a Formant object

With Inspect, you will see the following attributes:

xmin
  start time, in seconds.
xmax
  end time, in seconds.
nx
  the number of frames (≥ 1).
dx
  time step = frame length = frame duration, in seconds.
x1
  the time associated with the first frame, in seconds. This will usually be in the range [xmin, xmax]. The time associated with the last frame (i.e., x1 + (nx – 1) dx)) will also usually be in that range.
framei, i = 1 ... nx
  the frames (see below).

## Attributes of a formant frame

Each framei contains the following attributes:

intensity
  an indication of the maximum intensity (a squared sound amplitude) in this frame.
nFormants
  the number of formants in this frame (usually between 2 and 6).
formantj, j = 1 ... nFormants
  the information about each formant (see below).

## Attributes of each formant

Each formantj contains the following attributes:

frequency
  the formant's centre frequency (in Hz).
bandwidth
  the formant's bandwidth (in Hz).

## See also

Linear Prediction

### Links to this page

- Formant: Down to FormantGrid
- Formant: Draw tracks...
- Formant: Formula (bandwidths)...
- Formant: Formula (frequencies)...
- Formant: Get bandwidth at time...
- Formant: Get maximum...
- Formant: Get mean...
- Formant: Get minimum...
- Formant: Get number of formants
- Formant: Get quantile...
- Formant: Get standard deviation
- Formant: Get time of maximum...
- Formant: Get time of minimum...
- Formant: Get value at time...
- Formant: List formant slope...
- Formant: Speckle...
- Formant: Track...
- FormantPath
- Formants: Extract smoothest part (constrained)...
- Formulas 8. Attributes of objects
- Get frame number from time...
- Get number of frames
- Get time from frame number...
- Get time step
- Intro 5.4. The Formant object
- Sound & Formant: Filter
- Sound & Formant: Filter (no scale)
- Sound: To Formant (burg)...
- Sound: To Formant (keep all)...
- Sound: To Formant (robust)...
- Sound: To Formant (sl)...
- Source-filter synthesis 4. Using existing sounds
- time domain
- What was new in 3.7?