OTGrammar

One of the types of objects in Praat. See the OT learning tutorial.

## Inside an OTGrammar

With Inspect, you will see the following attributes:

constraints
  a list of constraints. Each constraint contains the following attributes:
name
  the fixed name of the constraint, for instance "PARSE".
ranking
  the continuous ranking value; will change during learning.
disharmony
  the effective ranking value during stochastic evaluation; with a non-zero evaluation noise, this will be different from ranking.
fixedRankings
  an often empty list of locally ranked pairs of constraints. Each local-ranking pair contains the following attributes:
higher
  the index of the universally higher-ranked of the two constraints, a number between 1 and the number of constraints.
lower
  the index of the universally lower-ranked of the two constraints.
tableaus
  a list of tableaus. Each tableau contains the following attributes:
input
  the input string of the tableau. For production grammaras, the underlying form of the utterance, for example |an+pa| or |bɹɪŋ + PAST|.
candidates
  a list of output candidates. Each output candidate consists of:
output
  the output string of the tableau. In two-level phonology: the surface form of the utterance, for example [anpa] or [ampa] or [bɹɔːt] or [bɹæŋ]. In multi-level phonology: the combination of phonological surface and phonetic results, for example /anpa/[anpa] or /ampa/[ampa] or /bɹɔːt/[bɹɔːt] or /bɹæŋ/[bɹæŋ].
marks
  a list of the number of violations of each constraint for this output form. If there are 13 constraints, this list will contain 13 integer numbers for each candidate.

## OTGrammar creation

You can easily create some OTGrammar examples from the New menu, or type your own grammars into a text file and read the file into Praat. See the OT learning tutorial.

## OTGrammar actions

You can perform the following actions on selected OTGrammar objects:

  OTGrammar: Generate inputs...
  OTGrammar: Input to output...
  OTGrammar: Input to outputs... (compute the output distribution for a given input)
  OTGrammar: To output Distributions...
  OTGrammar & Strings: Inputs to outputs...
  OTGrammar: Learn one...
  OTGrammar & 2 Strings: Learn...

You can view an OTGrammar in an OTGrammarEditor.

### Links to this page

- Create NoCoda grammar
- Create tongue-root grammar...
- OT learning 1. Kinds of grammars
- OT learning 2.1. Viewing a grammar
- OT learning 2.2. Inside the grammar
- OT learning 2.7. Tableau pictures
- OT learning 2.9. Output distributions
- OT learning 3.1. Data from a pair distribution
- OT learning 3.2. Data from another grammar
- OT learning 4. Learning an ordinal grammar
- OT learning 6. Shortcut to grammar learning
- OT learning 7. Learning from overt forms
- OTGrammar & PairDistribution: Find positive weights...
- Robust Interpretive Parsing