Manipulation

One of the types of objects in Praat, for changing the pitch and duration contours of a sound.

## Inside a manipulation object

With Inspect, you will see the following attributes:

timeStep
  the time step (or frame length) used in the pitch analysis. A common value is 0.010 seconds.
pitchFloor
  the minimum pitch frequency considered in the pitch analysis. A common value is 75 hertz.
pitchCeiling
  the maximum pitch frequency considered in the pitch analysis. A common value is 600 hertz.

A Manipulation object also contains the following smaller objects:

  1. The original Sound.
  2. A PointProcess representing glottal pulses.
  3. A PitchTier.
  4. A DurationTier.

## Analysis

When a Manipulation object is created from a sound, the following steps are performed:

  1. A pitch analysis is performed on the original sound, with the method of Sound: To Pitch.... This uses the time step, pitch floor, and pitch ceiling parameters.
  2. The information of the resulting pitch contour (frequency and voiced/unvoiced decisions) is used to posit glottal pulses where the original sound contains much energy. The method is the same as in Sound & Pitch: To PointProcess (cc).
  3. The pitch contour is converted to a pitch tier with many points (targets), with the method of Pitch: To PitchTier.
  4. An empty DurationTier is created.

## Resynthesis

A Manipulation object can produce Sound input. This Sound can be computed in several ways:
  • overlap-add: from original sound + pulses + pitch tier + duration tier;
  • LPC: from LPC (from original sound) + pulses + pitch tier;
  • from the pulses only, as a pulse train or hummed;
  • from the pitch tier only, as a pulse train or hummed.

### Links to this page

- Intro 8.1. Manipulation of pitch
- Intro 8.2. Manipulation of duration
- Manipulation: Extract duration tier
- Manipulation: Extract original sound
- Manipulation: Extract pitch tier
- Manipulation: Extract pulses
- Manipulation: Get resynthesis (overlap-add)
- Manipulation: Play (overlap-add)
- Manipulation: Replace duration tier
- Manipulation: Replace original sound
- Manipulation: Replace pitch tier
- Manipulation: Replace pulses
- ManipulationEditor
- TextGrid: To DurationTier...
- What was new in 3.5?
- What was new in 4.0?
- What was new in 6.2?